在单节点物理机上以All-in-One方式部署与安装OpenStack云操作系统。小编来告诉你更多相关信息。
在单节点物理机上以All-in-One方式部署与安装OpenStack云
一篇关于在单节点物理机上以All-in-One方式部署与安装OpenStack云操作系统的电脑方面的小经验，下面为您详细介绍
1.支持运行OpenStack的操作系统
OpenStack作为一个云操作系统，可以安装在使用Linux操作系统的服务器上。
目前可以安装运行OpenStack的操作系统如下：
openSUSERed Hat Enterprise Linux/CentOSUbuntuDebian
2.OpenStack部署工具
以下列出了OpenStack常用部署工具，共5个：
3.安装OpenStack云操作系统
3.1环境装备
3.1.1物理机准备
准备一台物理机，规划与配置信息如下：
| 主机名 | 操作系统 | IP地址 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|
mynode-a | CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core) | 192.168.250.250 |
资源：
| CPU | 内存 | 硬盘 |
|---|---|---|
8核 | 16GB | 100GB+400GB |
3.1.2关闭防火墙与SElinux
停用防火墙并禁用开机自启动：
[root@myopenstack ~]# systemctl stop firewalld[root@myopenstack ~]# systemctl disable firewalldRemoved symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.[root@myopenstack ~]# 将SElinux设置为disabled状态：
root@myopenstack ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config[root@myopenstack ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.SELINUX=disabled# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values:# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,# minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. # mls - Multi Level Security protection.SELINUXTYPE=targeted 为使启机前临时生效，设置：
[root@myopenstack ~]# setenforce 03.1.3停用NetworkManager服务
由于NetworkManager网络管理器与OpenStack网络组件Neutron有冲害，应停用它，改用传统的网络服务network来管理网络。
执行下列命令停用
在单节点物理机上以All-in-One方式部署与安装OpenStack云操作系统。小编来告诉你更多相关信息。
在单节点物理机上以All-in-One方式部署与安装OpenStack云
NetworkManager服务，并启用network服务管理网络。
[root@myopenstack ~]# systemctl stop NetworkManager[root@myopenstack ~]# systemctl disable NetworkManagerRemoved symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/NetworkManager.service.Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service.Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/network-online.target.wants/NetworkManager-wait-online.service.[root@myopenstack ~]# systemctl enable networknetwork.service is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.Executing /sbin/chkconfig network on[root@myopenstack ~]# systemctl start network[root@myopenstack ~]# 这里可以查看一下网络状态：
[root@myopenstack ~]# systemctl status network● network.service - LSB: Bring up/down networking Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/network; bad; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (exited) since Thu 2024-01-04 08:33:16 CST; 1 day 2h ago Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8) Process: 1159 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/network start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Tasks: 0Jan 04 08:33:11 myopenstack systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Bring up/down networking...Jan 04 08:33:12 myopenstack network[1159]: 正在打开环回接口： [ 确定 ]Jan 04 08:33:16 myopenstack network[1159]: 正在打开接口 eth0： [ 确定 ]Jan 04 08:33:16 myopenstack systemd[1]: Started LSB: Bring up/down networking.[root@mynode-a ~]# 3.1.4设置网络
这里采用桥接模式接入网络，IP地址规划为192.168.250.250/24的C类网络：
[root@myopenstack ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0TYPE=EthernetDEFROUTE=yesIPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=noNAME=eth0UUID=45242253-7348-405e-111a-40e72803e0caDEVICE=eth0ONBOOT=yesIPADDR=192.168.250.250PREFIX=24GATEWAY=192.168.250.1DNS1=222.222.222.222PEERDNS=no[root@mynode-a ~]# 3.1.5设置主机名
[root@myopenstack ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname mynode-a接着修改/etc/hosts文件：
[root@myopenstack ~]# cat /etc/hosts127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6192.168.250.250 mynode-a[root@myopenstack ~]# 注：设置主机名的目的如下：
其目的是rabbitmq-server服务在启动前会解析主机名的地址是否可用。
如果上面面不设置解析，使用RDO安装OpenStack的过程中启动rabbitmq-server服务时会失败，从而导致安装不成功。
而RabbitMQ是一个在AMQP基础上完成的可复用的企业消息系统，为OpenStack的计算组件Nova的各个服务之间提供一个中心的消息机制。
3.1.6更改语言编码
在单节点物理机上以All-in-One方式部署与安装OpenStack云操作系统。小编来告诉你更多相关信息。
在单节点物理机上以All-in-One方式部署与安装OpenStack云
[root@mynode-a ~]# cat /etc/environment LANG=en_US.utf-8LC_ALL=en_US.utf-8[root@mynode-a ~]#
3.1.7设置同步时间
OpenStack环境中所有节点的时间必须是同步的，下面用chrony进行同步：
[root@mynode-a ~]# yum install -y chronyLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacksDetermining fastest mirrors * base: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn……这里chrony默认已安装，不用安装。
下面增加一个国内的NTP服务器地址：
[root@mynode-a ~]# cat /etc/chrony.conf# Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.# Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburstserver 1.centos.pool.ntp.org iburstserver 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburstserver 3.centos.pool.ntp.org iburstserver ntp1.aliyun.com iburst这里可以查看一下本地时间：
[root@mynode-a ~]# timedatectl Local time: Fri 2024-01-05 10:47:21 CST Universal time: Fri 2024-01-05 02:47:21 UTC RTC time: Fri 2024-01-05 02:47:20 Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800) NTP enabled: yesNTP synchronized: yes RTC in local TZ: no DST active: n/a[root@mynode-a ~]# 3.2.软件库准备
CentOS7提供的附加软件库中包含启用OpenStack库的RPM包，进行下列设置：
[root@mynode-a ~]# yum -y update [root@mynode-a ~]# yum -y install centos-release-openstack-trainLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacksLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.comResolving Dependencies……Installed: centos-release-openstack-train.noarch 0:1-1.el7.centos Dependency Installed: centos-release-ceph-nautilus.noarch 0:1.2-2.el7.centos centos-release-nfs-ganesha28.noarch 0:1.0-3.el7.centos centos-release-qemu-ev.noarch 0:1.0-4.el7.centos centos-release-storage-common.noarch 0:2-2.el7.centos centos-release-virt-common.noarch 0:1-1.el7.centos Complete![root@mynode-a ~]# 3.3安装Packstack安装器
执行以下命令安装openstack-packstack及其依赖包：
[root@mynode-a ~]# yum -y updateLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacksLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn * centos-ceph-nautilus: mirrors.huaweicloud.com * centos-nfs-ganesha28: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn * centos-openstack-train: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn * centos-qemu-ev: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn……[root@mynode-a ~]# yum -y install openstack-packstack……Installed: openstack-packstack.noarch 1:15.1.0-1.el7 ……Dependency Installed: boost159-atomic.x86_64 0:1.59.0-2.el7.1 boost159-chrono.x86_64 0:1.59.0-2.el7.1 boost159-date-time.x86_64 0:1.59.0-2.el7.1 boost159-filesystem.x86_64 0:1.59.0-2.el7.1 boost159-locale.x86_64 0:1.59.0-2.el7.1 boost159-log.x86_64 0:1.59.0-2.el7.1 boost159- puppet-nova.noarch 0:15.8.1-1.el7 puppet-nssdb.noarch 0:1.0.1-1.2ed2a2dgit.el7 puppet-openstack_extras.noarch 0:15.4.1-1.el7 puppet-openstacklib.noarch 0:15.5.0-1.el7 puppet-oslo.noarch 0:15.5.0-1.el7 puppet-ovn.noarch 0:15.5.0-1.el7 puppet- rubygem-io-console.x86_64 0:0.4.2-39.el7_9 rubygem-json.x86_64 0:1.7.7-39.el7_9 rubygem-pathspec.noarch 0:0.2.1-3.el7 rubygem-psych.x86_64 0:2.0.0-39.el7_9 rubygem-rdoc.noarch 0:4.0.0-39.el7_9 rubygem-rgen.noarch 0:0.6.6-2.el7 rubygems.noarch 0:2.0.14.1-39.el7_9 yaml-cpp.x86_64 0:0.5.1-6.el7 Complete!在单节点物理机上以All-in-One方式部署与安装OpenStack云操作系统。小编来告诉你更多相关信息。
在单节点物理机上以All-in-One方式部署与安装OpenStack云
安装过程中需要安装许多依赖包，如openstack-packstack-puppet等。
Packstack是RDO的OpenStack安装工具，用于取代手动设置OpenStack。
Packstack基于Puppet工具，通过Puppet部署OpenStack各组件。
Puppet是一种Linux、UNIX和Windows平台的集中配置管理系统，使用自有的Puppet将这些系统实体称为资源，其设计目标是简化对这些资源的管理，妥善处理资源间的依赖关系。
Packstack安装器的基本用法如下：
packstack[选项[--help]执行packstack --help命令列出选项清单：
| 命令选项 | 含义 |
|---|---|
--gen-ansWer-1ile=SENANSWERFLE | 产生应答文件模板 |
--answer-file=ANSWER_FILE | 依据应答文件的配置信息以非交互模式运行该工具 |
--install-hosts=INSTALL _HOSTS | 在一组主机上进行批量安装，主机列表以逗号分隔。第一台主机作为控制节点，其他主机作为计算节点。如果仅提供一台主机，将集中在单节点上以All-in-One方式安装 |
--allinone | 将所有功能集中安装在单一主机上 |
--ssh-public-key=SSH_PUBLIC_KEY | 用于设置安装在服务器上的公钥路径 |
--default-password=DEFAULT_PASSWORD | 用于设置默认密码(会被具体服务或用户的密码所覆盖 |
--mariadb-install=MARIADB_INSTALL | 用于设置是否安装MARIADB数据库 |
3.4运行Packstack安装OpenStack
下面直接使用All-in-One方式进行单节点部署：
[root@mynode-a ~]# packstack --allinoneWelcome to the Packstack setup utilityThe installation log file is available at: /var/tmp/packstack/20230824-111449-Rt5WRw/openstack-setup.logPackstack changed given value to required value /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pubInstalling:Clean Up [ DONE ]Discovering ip protocol version [ DONE ]Setting up ssh keys [ DONE ]Preparing servers [ DONE ]Pre installing Puppet and discovering hosts\' details [ DONE ]Preparing pre-install entries [ DONE ]Setting up CACERT [ DONE ]Preparing AMQP entries [ DONE ]Preparing MariaDB entries [ DONE ]Fixing Keystone LDAP config parameters to be undef if empty[ DONE ]Preparing Keystone entries [ DONE ]Preparing Glance entries [ DONE ]Checking if the Cinder server has a cinder-volumes vg[ DONE ]Preparing Cinder entries [ DONE ]Preparing Nova API entries [ DONE ]Creating ssh keys for Nova migration [ DONE ]Gathering ssh host keys for Nova migration [ DONE ]Preparing Nova Compute entries [ DONE ]Preparing Nova Scheduler entries [ DONE ]Preparing Nova VNC Proxy entries [ DONE ]Preparing OpenStack Network-related Nova entries [ DONE ]Preparing Nova Common entries [ DONE ]Preparing Neutron API entries [ DONE ]Preparing Neutron L3 entries [ DONE ]Preparing Neutron L2 Agent entries [ DONE ]Preparing Neutron DHCP Agent entries [ DONE ]Preparing Neutron Metering Agent entries [ DONE ]Checking if NetworkManager is enabled and running [ DONE ]Preparing OpenStack Client entries [ DONE ]Preparing Horizon entries [ DONE ]Preparing Swift builder entries [ DONE ]Preparing Swift proxy entries [ DONE ]Preparing Swift storage entries [ DONE ]Preparing Gnocchi entries [ DONE ]Preparing Redis entries [ DONE ]Preparing Ceilometer entries [ DONE ]Preparing Aodh entries [ DONE ]Preparing Puppet manifests [ DONE ]Copying Puppet modules and manifests [ DONE ]Applying 192.168.250.250_controller.pp192.168.250.250_controller.pp: [ DONE ] Applying 192.168.250.250_network.pp192.168.250.250_network.pp: [ DONE ] Applying 192.168.250.250_compute.pp192.168.250.250_compute.pp: [ DONE ] Applying Puppet manifests [ DONE ]Finalizing [ DONE ] **** Installation completed successfully ******Additional information: * Parameter CONFIG_NEUTRON_L2_AGENT: You have chosen OVN Neutron backend. Note that this backend does not support the VPNaaS or FWaaS services. Geneve will be used as the encapsulation method for tenant networks * A new answerfile was created in: /root/packstack-answers-20230824-111451.txt * Time synchronization installation was skipped. Please note that unsynchronized time on server instances might be problem for some OpenStack components. * File /root/keystonerc_admin has been created on OpenStack client host 192.168.250.250. To use the command line tools you need to source the file. * To access the OpenStack Dashboard browse to http://192.168.250.250/dashboard .Please, find your login credentials stored in the keystonerc_admin in your home directory. * Because of the kernel update the host 192.168.250.250 requires reboot. * The installation log file is available at: /var/tmp/packstack/20230824-111449-Rt5WRw/openstack-setup.log * The generated manifests are available at: /var/tmp/packstack/20230824-111449-Rt5WRw/manifestsYou have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root[root@mynode-a ~]# 在单节点物理机上以All-in-One方式部署与安装OpenStack云操作系统。小编来告诉你更多相关信息。
在单节点物理机上以All-in-One方式部署与安装OpenStack云
安装完成后，在命令行中执行以下命令，获取OpenStack主要组件Nova的当前安装版本：
[root@mynode-a ~]# nova-manage --version20.6.0[root@mynode-a ~]# 安装完成后，系统会自动创建云管理员admin和用于系统测试用的demo用户账号，其文件信息分别保存在/root下：
4.0K -rw-------. 1 root root 375 Jan 5 10:36 keystonerc_admin4.0K -rw-------. 1 root root 320 Jan 5 10:36 keystonerc_demo可以分别查看云管理员和demo用户密码：
[root@mynode-a ~]# cat keystonerc_adminunset OS_SERVICE_TOKEN export OS_USERNAME=admin export OS_PASSWORD=\'60972aca81074223\' export OS_REGION_NAME=RegionOne export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.250.250:5000/v3 export PS1=\'[\\u@\\h \\W(keystone_admin)]\\$ \' export OS_PROJECT_NAME=adminexport OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Defaultexport OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Defaultexport OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 [root@mynode-a ~]# [root@mynode-a ~]# [root@mynode-a ~]# cat keystonerc_demounset OS_SERVICE_TOKENexport OS_USERNAME=demoexport OS_PASSWORD=\'ad605724bc8246e3\'export PS1=\'[\\u@\\h \\W(keystone_demo)]\\$ \'export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.250.250:5000/v3 export OS_PROJECT_NAME=demoexport OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Defaultexport OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Defaultexport OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3[root@mynode-a ~]# 4.登录控制面板
打开浏览器，输入以下地址进入OpenStack登录页面：
http://192.168.250.250/dashboard
输入demo用户名和密码ad605724bc8246e3进入系统：
这样就完成了OpenStack云操作系统在CentOS7.9上的部署。
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